伪造犯罪现场:对25起案例的分析研究

文章评述了伪造犯罪现场的研究历史 ,并对 2 5例伪造犯罪现场案件从罪犯特点、受害人特点、案件特点、犯罪动机及执法人员犯罪等五个方面进行了分析研究。把伪造犯罪现场和作案人结合起来研究的目的 ,是为了更好、更深入地研究伪造现场作案人 ,给刑侦人员和物证学家对伪造犯罪现场的勘查、取证以及现场重建提供一些参考     

Juvenile Delinquency in Central European Cities: A Comparison of Registration and Processing Structures in the 1990s

The authors trace and compare the developments in recorded juvenile delinquency in Hamburg, Prague, Cracow and Budapest from 1991-1997 and then analyse the processing and selection procedures of the various justice systems. They devote special attention to ethnic minorities within this filtering process. The most salient feature is that the crime rates and processing structures in the former socialist countries display considerable similarities. It would almost be possible to speak of a specific type of criminal justice system with a typical form of reaction. While in the West, the large number of suspects is considerably reduced during later stages of selection to a much smaller number (those actually sentenced and/or imprisoned), what the authors call a funnel model, in the East a smaller number of suspected offenders enters this selection process, but tends to remain within it and be sentenced - the cylinder model. These procedural structures have changed little in the 1990s, and there has certainly not been any increasing alignment of the Eastern systems with the Western one. Indeed, the difference has, if anything, become greater. These lower crime statistics as compared with the West - represented here by Hamburg - are, however, not only the result of equally large discrepancies between the real crime rates, but in this regard the pro-active crime prevention measures of the police, which in Hamburg have caused the inclusion of an increased number of juveniles and foreigners in the crime statistics since 1995, have also had a great effect. The research project thus clearly demonstrates the importance of interpreting crime statistics neither as a true representation nor as a distorted reflection of the activities of a criminal justice system. Instead, these statistics should be seen as reflecting specific processing procedures and methods of crime control.     

Use of subpopulation data in Australian forensic DNA casework

DNA profiling evidence presented in court should be accompanied by a reliable estimate of its evidential weight. In calculating such statistics, allele frequencies from commonly employed autosomal microsatellite loci are required. These allele frequencies should be collected at a level that appropriately represents the genetic diversity that exists in the population. Typically this occurs at broadly defined bio-geographic categories, such as Caucasian or Asian. Datasets are commonly administered at the jurisdictional level. This paper focuses on Australian jurisdictions and assesses whether this current practice is appropriate for Aboriginal Australian and Caucasian populations alike. In keeping with other studies we observe negligible differences between Caucasian populations within Australia when segregated geographically. However segregation of Aboriginal Australian population data along contemporary State and Territory lines appears to mask the diversity that exists within this subpopulation. For this reason datasets collated along more traditional lines may be more appropriate, particularly to distinguish the most genetically differentiated populations residing in the north of the continent.     

论犯罪黑数问题的成因及对策

犯罪黑数，是指事实上犯罪行为已经发生，但由于种种原因未予记载到犯罪统计中的犯罪数量。对实际发生的犯罪事实是否能毫无遗漏的予以追究，就需要排除立案不实、群众不举报以及在制度管理、统计遗漏等方面存在的问题，为切实做好预防工作，要求我们为警方真实立案松绑。同时要建立健全犯罪统计的各项制度、监督机制以及畅通群众的报案渠道和犯罪调查制度。才能有效的消灭犯罪黑数的形成。     

1994-2007年国内公开发表有关眼动论文的统计分析

目的运用文献计量学的方法对1994-2007年我国眼动研究论文进行统计、分析,研究探讨我国眼动研究的现状及其发展趋势。方法以中国期刊网(下称CNKI)为检索数据源,检索有关尘眼动究论文。结果以"眼动"为关键词,出版年限定在1994-2007年进行检索,检索出14年间国内公开发表的眼动研究文献共173篇,文献主要分布在心理与行为研究、心理科学等56种心理学、教育学专业期刊上。对所检出的结果进行文献计量分析。主要项目包括论文分析、论文作者所在系统分析、论文主题内容分析。结论我国近14年来在眼动研究方面获得了稳步发展,呈现出迅速增长势头。研究领域非常广泛,涉及阅读、问题解决、工程心理、体育心理、病理心理、广告心理、仪器设备等7个方面。但是在眼动研究领域所表现的一些薄弱环节需要在今后的工作中进一步加强。     

浅议统计在企业经营管理中的应用

本文通过对企业经济统计现状的存在问题的分析和企业统计在实际中的应用举例 ,提出了统计改革的必要性 ,然后 ,从三个不同的方面 ,特别是从人的主观能动性方面阐述了怎样才使统计在企业经营管理中得到充分和有效地应用。     

Crime Trends in the EU

The paper’s aim is to show to EU policy makers, academics, journalists and the general public what the available information tells us about crime levels, trends in crime and public opinion about crime among Member States. The paper centres on an analysis of current trends on crime levels and trends based on the data available both from victimisation surveys and police statistics. The victimisation survey source is the published data collected in the International Crime Victimisation Survey. A separate analysis based on the Eurobarometer was also carried out. Data on police statistics present two separate sources i.e. the Council of Europe Sourcebook and the crime data published annually by the UK Home Office. These two sources both add considerable value to the raw police statistics by their choice of data, their commentary and their technical explanations and definitions. The paper compares data on three crime types (robbery, domestic burglary and theft of a motor vehicle) across the 15 Member States of the European Union (as in 2003). These three types were selected in line with the priorities of the EU Commission and as types of crime that are a major concern for EU-citizens. The paper has been modified from a report produced by the European Crime prevention network for the EU Directorate of Justice and Home Affairs with the permission of the EU. The members of the network are listed in the appendix.     

犯罪的“晴雨表”——两种犯罪测量方式的比较

通过介绍美国犯罪调查的历史,对美国犯罪调查的两种形式即官方犯罪统计和被害调查进行了比较,在此基础上总结出二者的优缺点,并结合我国的犯罪统计实际提出几点建议。     

公安统计学教学中的实例教学法探讨

针对公安管理专业学生在学习公安统计学时普遍存在的抽象难懂、学而会用的状况，应用实例教学法可以较好地解决这一难题。这种方法既有利于培养学生阅读、理解、分析、判断统计数据的能力，又在一定程度上解决了统计学教学中长期存在的理论与实践相脱节的问题，还提高了学生的统计素养。